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- Point of View Essay
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- In the short story "Through the tunnel", Doris Lessing
- describes the adventure of Jerry, a young English boy trying to
- swim through an underwater tunnel. Throughout the story, the
- author uses the third person omniscient point of view to
- describe the boy's surroundings and to show us both what he and
- the other characters are thinking and what is happening around
- them. By using this point of view, the author is able to
- describe the setting of the story, give a detailed description
- of the characters, and make the theme visible.
- By using the third person omniscient point of view, the
- narrator can give us a detailed and unbiased description of
- his/her surroundings while still retaining part of the
- character's view of reality. When the narrator says "It was a
- wild-looking place, and there was no one there" we are given
- the mother's view of the boy's beach, which in her opinion is
- "wild looking". This gives us a clear picture of the setting.
- Additionally, the sentence "He went out fast over the gleaming
- sand, over a middle region where rocks lay like discolored
- monsters under the surface, and then he was in the real sea - a
- warm sea where irregular cold currents from the deep water
- shocked his limbs" clearly describes the beach where the boy is
- swimming and how it is seen by him. With the addition of words
- like "discoloured monsters" and "real sea" we can tell what the
- boy's feeling are toward his beach which he considers scary but
- at the same time challenging.
- By using the third person omniscient point of view, the
- narrator is able to render the characters with information
- related both from direct description and from the other
- character's revelations. This way, the description remains
- unbiased, but at the same time coherent with how the various
- characters see it. For example, after the narrator tells us
- that "He was an only child, eleven years old. She was a widow.
- She was determined to be neither possessive nor lacking in
- devotion.", we are able to understand why the boy is so
- emotionally attached to his mother and, at the beginning,
- unwilling to ask her for permission to go to his beach and,
- later in the story, unwilling to let her know about his
- adventure through the tunnel. This also explains why the
- mother let him go without questions, even if she was very
- worried about him. Also, when the narrator describes the
- native boys as "big boys - men to Jerry", we realize that
- although the boys might be only a little older than Jerry, he
- considers them as men and he tries everything to become like
- one of them, even going through the long, dark and dangerous
- underwater tunnel. I believe that if the writer would have
- used first person point of view, we would only perceive what
- that single character is experiencing, thus giving us a limited
- and one-sided view of the world.
- In this story, the narrator gives us the important clues
- that lead us to the theme by letting us know what the
- characters think. For example, when the Jerry's mother says
- "Of course he's old enough to be safe without me", we realize
- that the boy is at a point in his life when he is ready to
- discover the world by himself. In addition, when his mother
- thinks "Have I been keeping him too close? He mustn't feel he
- ought to be with me. I must be careful.", we realize that the
- author implies that it is wrong to keep him close to her for
- too long, and both these examples add to the notion that the
- rite of passage must be undergone without the interference of
- others. Obviously, this concept wouldn't have been clear
- without the view of the mother. In addition, Jerry perceives
- swimming through the underwater tunnel as something that men
- (the other boys) must accomplish, and that specific action has
- to be seen as "the rite of passage" in this story.
- With the third person omniscient point of view, the
- narrator is able to make the theme clearly visible to the
- reader, which is that a rite of passage (swimming through the
- tunnel) is something that must be experienced by oneself and
- Jerry's mother decision to "let him go" symbolizes a detachment
- from the family that must occur one day or another in
- everybody's life.
- In conclusion, it is necessary to use the third person
- omniscient point of view because in this story, things must be
- described in detail and without a biased perspective (how the
- beach looked in Jerry's eyes), a lot of essential information
- (what his mother thinks about letting Jerry go alone to the
- beach) about the story's setting and its characters have to be
- given, thus providing the reader with a number of clues that
- help him or her render the story and all its elements in
- his/her mind, so that the theme can be comprehended and thought
- upon, thus fulfilling the author's purpose of divulging his or
- her ideas.
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